Research on the Mineral Magnesium
The following articles are presented as support for the possible use of
ionic minerals and magnesium as a dietary supplement and nutritional supplement. You will
find more on magnesium here. You can also
purchase this diet supplement below.
GENERAL MAGNESIUM RESEARCH
American Journal of Emergency Medicine (USA), 1997, 15/2 (182-187)
Intravenous magnesium has been suggested as a
treatment for certain emergency conditions for more than 60 years. It is currently
proposed to be beneficial in treating asthma, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, myocardial
infarction, and cardiac arrhythmias. The use and efficacy of the drug, however, are
controversial. This article discusses the current state of magnesium
sulfate research and therapy.
DIS. MON. (USA), 1988, 34/4 (166-218)
Magnesium is an important element for health and disease. Magnesium, the
second most abundant intracellular cation, has been identified as a cofactor in over 300
enzymatic reactions involving energy metabolism and protein and nucleic acid synthesis.
Approximately half of the total magnesium in the body is
present in soft tissue, and the other half in bone. Less than 1% of the total body magnesium is present in blood. Nonetheless, the majority of our
experimental information comes from determination of magnesium
in serum and red blood cells. At present, we have little information about equilibrium
among and state of magnesium within body pools. Magnesium is
absorbed uniformly from the small intestine and the serum concentration controlled by
excretion from the kidney. The clinical laboratory evaluation of magnesium
status is primarily limited to the serum magnesium
concentration, 24-hour urinary excretion, and percent retention following parenteral magnesium. However, results for these tests do not necessarily
correlate with intracellular magnesium. Thus, there is no
readily available test to determine intracellular/total body magnesium
status. Magnesium deficiency may cause weakness, tremors, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias,
hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia. The causes of hypomagnesemia are reduced intake (poor
nutrition or IV fluids without magnesium), reduced absorption
(chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, or bypass/resection of bowel), redistribution (exchange
transfusion or acute pancreatitis), and increased excretion (medication, alcoholism,
diabetes mellitus, renal tubular disorders, hypercalcemia, hyperthyroidism, aldosteronism,
stress, or excessive lactation). A large segment of the U.S. population may have an
inadequate intake of magnesium and may have a chronic latent magnesium deficiency that has been linked to atherosclerosis,
myocardial infarction, hypertension, cancer, kidney stones, premenstrual syndrome, and
psychiatric disorders. Hypermagnesemia is primarily seen in acute and chronic renal
failure, and is treated effectively by dialysis.
SCAND. J. CLIN. LAB. INVEST. SUPPL. (United Kingdom), 1994, 54/217
It is clear now that although different ionophores for ionized Mg (IMg2+)
have been designed by several groups, each of these has a distinctly different K(MgCa). In
view of this, it is important to determine whether each of these ion selective electrodes
(ISE's) yield identical results for IMg2+ in sera from healthy
and diseased humans. Using such an approach, we determined, in a blinded-and random
manner, IMg2+ with both the NOVA and KONE ISE's for IMg2+
in two independent laboratories. No significant differences were found either for sera
from healthy human volunteers or diseased patients. We did, however, note several
interesting findings: 1. randomly, selected hospitalized patients exhibit a much higher
incidence of abnormalities for IMg2+ (57-71%) than that noted
previously for total Mg (TMg) measurements; and 2. coronary heart disease, rectal cancer
and multiple sclerosis patients exhibit extracellular deficits in ionized free Mg.
PRESSE MED. (France), 1988, 17/12 (584-587)
Magnesium ion is of great importance in physiology by its intervention in
300 enzymatic systems, its role in membrane structure and its function in neuromuscular
excitability. The skeleton is the first pool of magnesium in
the body. Intestinal absorption, renal metabolism, bone accretion and reabsorption of magnesium are very similar to those of calcium. Magnesium
metabolism is accurately controlled, in particular by parathyroid hormone, 25 - dihydroxy
vitamin D3, calcitonin, catecholamine and estrogens. The main regulation mechanisms of magnesium metabolism are located in the kidney which is the
principal excretory organ.
Alcock, N. W., Shils, M. E., Lieberman, P. H., & Erlandson, R. A. Cancer
Research, 33, 2196-2204. (1973).
The effects of a magnesium-deficient diet fed
to rats for approximately 65 days have been assessed with special reference to changes in
the thymus. The thymus was enlarged in 18 to 52% of deficient animals surviving more than
6 to 7 weeks in various experiments. The remainder demonstrated glands that were smaller
than controls. The enlarged thymuses showed marked cellular changes with the normal
structure being replaced by cells that morphologically resembled transformed lymphocytes.
Of the small glands, 19% had focal or lobular cellular changes similar to those seen in
enlarged thymuses. No distant metastases were found and the changes have been interpreted
as hyperplastic rather than neoplastic. Prolonged magnesium
depletion was accompanied by hypomagnesemia and hypercalcemia or normocalcemia. Marked
leukocytosis was present during the early stages of the deficiency. Splenomegaly was
consistently found in the magnesium-depleted animals.
Magnesium deficiency/ Rats/ Rodents/ Thymus.
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